SOFTWARE PACKAGE MANAGER
RPM ----Red Hat Package Manager, Red Had based package call RPM
Rpm is a powerful Package Manager for Red Hat, Suse and Fedora Linux. It can be used to build, install, query, verify, update, and remove/erase individual software packages. A Package consists of an archive of files, and package information, including name, version, and description:
RPM is free – GPL General Public License
RPM ----Red Hat Package Manager, Red Had based package call RPM
Rpm is a powerful Package Manager for Red Hat, Suse and Fedora Linux. It can be used to build, install, query, verify, update, and remove/erase individual software packages. A Package consists of an archive of files, and package information, including name, version, and description:
RPM is free – GPL General Public License
Management of
source files
Management
of the build process
A distribution
method and format for binary files, including pre- and postinstall scripts.
Where to get
RPMs
http://rpmseek.com
http://rpmfind.net
http://www.redhat.com
http://freshrpms.net
http://rpm.pbone.net
http://dag.wieers.com
http://rpmforge.net
http://filewatcher.com
Common Build Procedures
Source code install - tarball (.tar, .tar.gz,.tgz, tar.bz,tar.tbz)
1) Red Had based OS – Centos, Fedora
2) Debain based OS – Ubuntu , Mini OS
xmms….rpm ----------------------for red hat os
xmms…..deb ----------------------for ubuntu
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
How
to installed rpm package
#
rpm -ivh xmms.rpm
--------------------installation command for Centos
#
dpkg -i xmms.deb
--------------------- installation command for Ubuntu
i
--------------Installed
v
------------- Verbose (Display)
h
------------- (#) hush ------------Database (data short)
By
default we can’t run .exe file in Linux
If
you want to run .exe file in Linux, so we can used below EMULATORS
1) WIN
2) CROSSOVER
2) CROSSOVER
Only
small Package software used above EMULATORS
Eg.
Tally, winam, IE,
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
There
are 3 ways to Installed software
& 3 Package Formats
1
) # rmp installation -------------------Utility
# yum
installation -------------------
Both are the same
2 ) Source
code installation ( Build Compilation )
3 ) SRPM
installation (Source RPM )
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Remote from
Linux to Windows ----To used rdesktop
How to download
Software for Linux - Just search software and right click on
software package & copy URL and we can download from command through
[root@localhost
rpm]# which rpm
/bin/rpm
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
i --------------Installed
v ------------- verbose ( Display )
h ------------- (#)hush ------------Database (data short)
q ----------------Query
l --------------------list
p ----------------------Packages
-qlp -----------query , list, package (used
for check list file - pre-installation )
[root@tushar
~]# mkdir /opt/software
[root@tushar
~]# cd /opt/software/
wget ( paste the URL and enter ) ---------command line download
[root@tushar software]# ls
libgssglue-0.1-11.el6.x86_64.rpm rdesktop-1.8.0-12.1.x86_64.rpm
pcsc-lite-libs-1.5.2-15.el6.x86_64.rpm
[root@tushar
software]# rpm -qlp
rdesktop-1.8.0-12.1.x86_64.rpm
/usr/bin/rdesktop
--------------------------------------------output
/usr/share/doc/rdesktop-1.8.0
/usr/share/doc/rdesktop-1.8.0/AUTHORS
/usr/share/doc/rdesktop-1.8.0/COPYING
/usr/share/doc/rdesktop-1.8.0/ChangeLog
/usr/share/rdesktop/keymaps/pt
/usr/share/rdesktop/keymaps/pt-br
/usr/share/rdesktop/keymaps/ru
/usr/share/rdesktop/keymaps/sl
/usr/share/rdesktop/keymaps/sv
/usr/share/rdesktop/keymaps/th
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Linux – Rdesktop
Windows
– MSTSC
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
[root@tushar
software]# rpm -qlp
rdesktop-1.8.0-12.1.x86_64.rpm
(
Check package list for before installation )
Dependency
packages for rdesktop -– Remote Desktop service for Linux
libgssglue-0.1-11.el6.x86_64.rpm
pcsc-lite-libs-1.5.2-15.el6.x86_64.rpm
rdesktop-1.8.0-12.1.x86_64.rpm
[root@tushar
software]# rpm -ivh libgssglue-0.1-11.el6.x86_64.rpm
[root@tushar
software]# rpm -ivh pcsc-lite-libs-1.5.2-15.el6.x86_64.rpm
[root@tushar
software]# rpm -ivh rdesktop-1.8.0-12.1.x86_64.rpm
Some Query
Options
$
rpm -ivh {rpm-file} Install the package
$
rpm -ivh mozilla-mail-1.7.5-17.i586.rpm
$
rpm -ivh --test mozilla-mail-1.7.5-17.i586.rpm
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# -qlp
-------------------------------------Before Installation
# -ql
----------------------------------------After Installation
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Software
Packages in Linux OS
1) Centos 5 --------DVD/Centos……………….…..RMP (2600 rpm - packages)
2) RHEL 5 --------DVD/Server -----------------------RPM
3) RHEL 6 ---------DVD/Packages --------------------RPM
2) RHEL 5 --------DVD/Server -----------------------RPM
3) RHEL 6 ---------DVD/Packages --------------------RPM
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Note: Around 700 RPM packages installed at the time of OS
installation
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
How
to mount DVD in Linux
[root@tushar
software]# mount /dev/cdrom /mnt/ ----------------mount dvd rom
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
How to find installed package
in Linux
[root@tushar
software]# rpm –qa -------------(Query, All) – To check all
installed packages
vino-2.28.1-9.el6_4.x86_64 -----------------output
ConsoleKit-0.4.1-3.el6.x86_64
libnotify-0.5.0-1.el6.x86_64
dejavu-fonts-common-2.30-2.el6.noarch
totem-mozplugin-2.28.6-4.el6.x86_64
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Find
the installed package (count) in Linux
[root@tushar
software]# rpm -qa | wc –l --------------------To check installed package count
882
----------------------------------------------------------Total Package Count
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
[root@tushar
software]# rpm
-qa | grep -i rdesktop----To check specific package after
installation ( its installed or not)
rdesktop-1.8.0-12.1.x86_64 ----------------------------package name
[root@tushar
software]# rpm -qa | grep rdesktop
rdesktop-1.8.0-12.1.x86_64
[root@tushar
software]# rpm -qa | grep -l rdesktop
(standard
input)
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Uninstalled –To removing (Delete written
files)
-e -----------------------Removing (uninstalled package)
How to Uninstalled or Removing Packages
[root@tushar
software]# rpm –e rdesktop-1.8.0-12.1.x86_64
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
[root@tushar
software]# rpm -ql rdesktop -----To check specific software installed
list for delete manual ( this command
used for after insttaltion )
[root@tushar
software]# rm –rf /usr/share/rdesktop/keymaps/pt
[root@tushar
software]# rm –rf /usr/share/rdesktop/keymaps/pt-br
[root@tushar
software]# rm –rf /usr/share/rdesktop/keymaps/ru
[root@tushar
software]# rm –rf /usr/share/rdesktop/keymaps/sl
[root@tushar
software]# rm –rf /usr/share/rdesktop/keymaps/sv
[root@tushar
software]# rm –rf /usr/share/rdesktop/keymaps/th
[root@tushar
software]# rm –rf /usr/share/rdesktop/keymaps/tr
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
RPM Package
Installed force fully - We can installed and
uninstall package force fully
[root@tushar
software]# rpm -ivh --force
rdesktop-1.8.0-12.1.x86_64.rpm
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
How to upgrade package or software - Download Upgraded Package
[root@tushar
software]# rpm -qa | grep –i firefox
----------------check version
firefox-17.0.10-1.el6.centos.x86_64 --------------------------version 17.0.10.1
---------------------@@@@@--------------------------
[root@tushar
software]# wget ftp://ftp.muug.mb.ca/mirror/centos/6.7/updates/x86_64/Packages/firefox-38.3.0-2.el6.centos.x86_64.rpm
-------------------------------download upgrade
package
[root@tushar
software]# ls
firefox-38.3.0-2.el6.centos.x86_64.rpm ----download upgraded package of Firefox
pcsc-lite-libs-1.5.2-15.el6.x86_64.rpm
xmms-debug-1.2.11-2mdv2009.0.x86_64.rpm
libgssglue-0.1-11.el6.x86_64.rpm
rdesktop-1.8.0-12.1.x86_64.rpm
[root@tushar
software]# rpm -Uvh firefox-38.3.0-2.el6.centos.x86_64.rpm
Preparing...
########################################### [100%]
1:firefox
########################################### [100%]
---------------------@@@@@--------------------------
[root@tushar
software]# rpm -qa | grep firefox
---after upgrade Firefox
firefox-38.3.0-2.el6.centos.x86_64---------------------------- version
38.3.0.2
Some Query
Options
$ rpm -Uvh
{rpm-file} download Upgrade package
$ rpm -Uvh
mozilla-mail-1.7.6-12.i586.rpm
$ rpm -Uvh
--test mozilla-mail-1.7.6-12.i586.rpm
Note : You can uninstalled old version and installed upgraded
vision
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
RPM maintains its own Database,
eg…myql, orcal, sql, ibmdb.
[root@tushar
rpm]# cd
/var/lib/rpm/ ----RPM DATABASE LOCATION
[root@tushar
rpm]# ls
Basenames __db.004
Name Pubkeys
Triggername
Conflictname Dirnames Obsoletename Requirename
__db.001 Filedigests Packages Requireversion
__db.002 Group Providename
Sha1header
__db.003 Installtid Provideversion Sigmd5
[root@tushar
rpm]# ls /var/lib/rpm/Packages-------------------RPM
DATABASE FILE
Packages
Incase
Database is corrupt or deleted – we
will rebuild / restore the rpm database
[root@tushar
rpm]# rpm –rebuilddb
------rebuild command
[root@tushar
rpm]#
echo $?
-----------------To
check command run successful or not
0 …………………………………0 means successful
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1) All
files are extracting Sync (Written) in to HDD
2)
Information is updated to RPM DATABASE.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Task
Installed
xmms….rpm & rdesktop
Download
xmms-1.2.10-1.i386.rpm & try to install
$ rpm –ivh
xmms-1.2.10-1.i386.rpm
Will ask for dependency,
Download dep from the given sites above & install the same.
Download dependency
glib-1.2.10-627.i586.rpm
gtk-1.2.10-926.i586.rpm
gtk-32bit-1.2.10-926.x86_64.rpm
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
[root@tushar
software]# rpm -e
xmms-debug-1.2.11-2mdv2009.0.x86_64 –Remove
Package
[root@tushar
software]# rpm -ivh --nodeps
xmms-debug-1.2.11-2mdv2009.0.x86_64.rpm
[root@tushar
software]# rpm -e firefox
---------------------Remove firefox
[root@tushar
software]# rpm -qa | grep firefox
----------------To check
[root@tushar
software]# rpm -ihv firefox-38.3.0-2.el6.centos.x86_64.rpm ---
install from rpm
warning:
firefox-38.3.0-2.el6.centos.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID
c105b9de: N OKEY
error:
Failed dependencies:
nspr >= 4.10.8 is needed by
firefox-38.3.0-2.el6.centos.x86_64
nss >= 3.18.0 is needed by
firefox-38.3.0-2.el6.centos.x86_64
libvpx >= 1.3.0 is needed by
firefox-38.3.0-2.el6.centos.x86_64
gtk2 >= 2.24 is needed by
firefox-38.3.0-2.el6.centos.x86_64
libvpx.so.1()(64bit) is needed by
firefox-38.3.0-2.el6.centos.x86_64
[root@tushar
software]# yum install -y firefox* -------------installed from yum command
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
[root@tushar
software]# rpm -ivh --nodeps
xmms-1.2.10-4.i386.rpm
Preparing... ###########################################
[100%]
1:xmms
########################################### [100%]
Remember
to install appropriate xmms-input-* packages for files you want to play.
[root@tushar
software]# rpm -qa | grep xmms
xmms-1.2.10-4.i386
Package
installed but software not open because of all package not installed
-nodeps ------------------No Dependency ( installing
package without dependency )
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
[root@tushar
software]# rpm -qi rdesktop -------installed Package information
Name : rdesktop Relocations: (not
relocatable)
Version : 1.8.0 Vendor: obs://build.opensuse.org/home:aevseev
Release : 12.1 Build Date: Thu 15
Aug 2013 08:36:33 PM PDT
Install
Date: Mon 28 Dec 2015 10:22:56 PM PST
Build Host: build21
Group : Productivity/Networking/Remote
Desktop Source RPM: rdesktop-1.8.0-
Size : 457499 License: GPL-3.0
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
$ rpm -Fvh upgrades to a
later version
$ rpm -ev {package}
Erase/remove/ an installed package
$ rpm -ev mozilla-mail
$ rpm -ev --nodeps {package}
Erase/remove/ an installed package
without checking for dependencies
$ rpm -ev --nodeps mozilla-mail
$ rpm -qa Display list all installed packages rpm -qa
$ rpm -qa | less
$ rpm -qi {package} Display installed information along with package version and short description
$ rpm -qi mozilla-mail
$ rpm -qf {/path/to/file}
Find out what package a file belongs to i.e. find what package owns the file
$
rpm -qf /etc/passwd
$ rpm -qf /bin/bash
$ rpm -qc {pacakge-name}
Display list of configuration file(s) for a package
$ rpm -qc httpd
$ rpm -qcf {/path/to/file} Display
list of configuration files for a command
$ rpm -qcf
/usr/X11R6/bin/xeyes
$ rpm -qa --last Display
list of all recently installed RPMs
$ rpm -qa --last
$ rpm -qa --last | less
$ rpm -qpR {.rpm-file}
$ rpm -qR {package} Find out
what dependencies a rpm file has
$ rpm -qpR
mediawiki-1.4rc1-4.i586.rpm
$ rpm -qR bash
$ rpm -qlp foo.rpm Which
files are installed with foo.rpm?
$ rpm -ivh --nodeps
pants.rpm Installing package Ignoring Dependencies
$ rpm -e foo ('e' for erase)
$ rpm -i --prefix
/new/directory package.rpm The --prefix and --relocate
options should make the rpm
command relocate a package to a new
location.
$ rpm -k <.rpm> we
could verify the MD5 is OK
$ rpm --rebuilddb
Source
Code Installation (Build Compilation of RPM)
How
to build rpm packages
Source Code
for Windows
$
route ['add'/'del'] [-net|-host] 'addr' {gw 'IP'} {netmask 'mask'}
'interface'
$
route ['add'/'del'] [-net|-host] 'addr' {gw 'IP'} {netmask 'mask'}
'interface'
|
Compile
with help of gcc tool
( Build )
|
After compile
source code we get multiple files,
We
Create winnam.ini file and give path
/c/proram/rdesktop
/c/system32
/…rdesktop
/c/windows//resdep
/c/windows/etc/
/.dll
|
Create
package from Windows installer tool and to get .exe file
|
||
Source Code
for Linux
$
route ['add'/'del'] [-net|-host] 'addr' {gw 'IP'} {netmask 'mask'}
'interface'
$
route ['add'/'del'] [-net|-host] 'addr' {gw 'IP'} {netmask 'mask'}
'interface'
|
Compile
with help of gcc tool
( Build )
|
After compile
source code we get multiple files,
We
Create xmms.ini file and give path
/user/bin/rdesktop --( posix-unix
file
system used )
/user/shaed/odc/…rdesktop
/etc/dev/resdep
/etc….
/dev/lslaa
|
Create
package from rpmbuild tool and
to get rpm package
|
||
Source
code complied with help fog cc tool à after complied source code à rpm
build tool à create .rpm file
POSIX
Standard – UNIX
file system standard
Posix
means - /
,
/etc/, /bin/ , /user/
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
TO Find the OS Version or Architecture
[root@tushar
software]# arch / uname -m---------------To check OS version or Architecture
x86_64 ……………………………………..OUTPUT
[root@tushar
software]# uname –a
Linux
tushar 2.6.32-431.el6.x86_64 #1 SMP Fri Nov 22 03:15:09 UTC 2013 x86_64 x86_64
x86_64 GNU/Linux
i386
----------------files versions
i586
----------------files versions
i686
----------------files versions
All
the above version is 32 bits versions
[root@tushar
software]# cat /proc/cpuinfo --To check CPU Information
processor : 0
vendor_id : GenuineIntel
cpu
family : 6
model
name : Intel(R) Core(TM) i3-3220 CPU @
3.30GHz
cpu
MHz : 3292.629
“no
arch” – file installed both OS 32bis
and 64 bits
[root@tushar
software]# cat /proc/cpuinfo | less
[root@tushar
software]# top ------To check core cpu ( find core from
to and type 1)
top - 02:07:29
up 4 days, 22:48, 4 users, load average: 0.00, 0.02, 0.00
Tasks:
133 total, 1 running, 132 sleeping, 0 stopped,
0 zombie
Cpu0 :
0.0%us, 0.3%sy, 0.0%ni, 99.7%id, 0.0%wa,
0.0%hi, 0.0%si, 0.0%st
Mem: 1016320k total, 787396k used, 228924k free, 25424k buffers
Swap: 2064376k total, 440k used, 2063936k free, 452336k cached
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source
Code Installation
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source code
installation –-1) Compilation 2) Build a Package 3)Tar Ball Installation
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Task
How
to installed source code file in Linux -------------Download httpd Source Code
file.
Source
code file extensions – 1) httpd.2.2.23.tar.gz, 2) httpd..src.tar.gz
Search from net
– httpd download + archive ------------source code
package search.
[root@tushar
software]# wget https://archive.apache.org/dist/httpd/httpd-2.2.23.tar.gz
[root@tushar
software]# ls -----to check
httpd-2.2.23.tar.gz -------------------------------Package
Downloaded from net
we can compile or customize package.
HTTPD
----Appachi
[root@tushar
software]# tar -zxvf httpd-2.2.23.tar.gz ------ extract
tar command
IF any command
not working properly or system will hung ---just installed strace
[root@tushar
software]# yum install strace
[root@tushar
software]# strace tar -zxvf
httpd-2.2.23.tar.gz ------To check error
After extract
file we get httpd folder
in software DIR.
[root@tushar
software]# ls -----To check folder
httpd-2.2.23.tar. ---package httpd-2.2.23
----create folder
[root@tushar
software]# cd httpd-2.2.23
[root@tushar httpd-2.2.23]# ls
ABOUT_APACHE
BuildAll.dsp config.layout emacs-style
httpd.spec LAYOUT LICENSE NOTICE
README.platforms srclib
acinclude.m4
BuildBin.dsp configure
Makefile.in
Before compile
package or run 3 files we need to installed gcc tool
[root@tushar
software]# rpm -qa | grep –i gcc ----To
check package installed or not
gcc-4.4.7-4.el6.x86_64 -----its means gcc
already installed in system
[root@tushar
software]# yum install -y gcc --- if it’s not installed then installed
gcc from yum
1)
./Configure }
2) MAKE } 3 commands called
3)
MAKE Install
} Autoconway, Compile , Build Source
After
3 commands run we in httpd DIR & get compilation package its call httpd.rpm
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
[root@tushar
software]# echo $? ----To check last command run successfully or fails
0 ---(Value will be “0” It’s means last command
run successful & 1,more number
is means fails
# echo $? ----------------------is called exit status
[root@tushar
httpd-2.2.23]# echo $?
1
---------------------------------command not run successful
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1 How to installed source code package - (3
commands to installed source code package and only source code folder )
1)
./Configure - Check dependencies in your system &
reconstruct Makefile.in to Makefile
[root@tushar
httpd-2.2.23]# ls
Configure Makefile Makefile.in
Makefile.win
2) make
----This command refers makefile & compiles all the code /madule with the
help of gcc tool ( Actual compilation process ) compilation process start (imp
command is make)
100,
1000, 5000 - Multiple files store (binary files ) in Memory store
3)
MAKE Install –(This cmd will Sync/Write all the compiled modules
from Memory to HDD
Make
install -----similar as ( rpm –ivh)
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
How to
uninstalled source code packages
1)…Stop process
2) rm –rf /usr/local/apachi1 ----just
the delete folder
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
./comfigure --help
--------to check parameter’s
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Httpd.rpm (Dis-advantage) -------we cannot customize
the package
(Advantage) ------- Database Maintain easy and manage
Httpd.tar.gz (Advantage) -------we can customize the package
(Dis-advantage) ------- No
Database Maintain
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Customize
source code
#./configure --enable=php
--enable=java --disable=auth
To
Allow PHP & JAVA & Disable Authentication
Before start installation ( ./comfigure, make, make
install )
to check readme and install.inf file
[root@Tusharjahdav ~]# cd /opt/software/
[root@Tusharjahdav
software]# wget https://archive.apache.org/dist/httpd/binaries/rpm/SRPMS/httpd-2.0.50-1.src.rpm ----download package from internet
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